Study Guide

Objective

Opintojakson pääteemana on matkailupalveluiden laadukas ja vastuullinen asiakaslähtöinen kehittäminen. Opintojakson aikana perehdytään matkailualan ajankohtaisiin ilmiöihin ja sovelletaan tietoa asiakaslähtöisen tuotteistamisen viitekehykseen matkailupalvelun erityispiirteet huomioiden. Lisäksi opintojaksolla opitaan arvioimaan ja kehittämään omaa asiantuntijuutta.

Content

Matkailupalvelujen kehittäminen, tuotteistaminen ja palvelun kehittämisen prosessit.
Asiakaslähtöisen kehittämisen eri osa-alueet osana palvelun kehittämisen prosessia.
Palveluosaamisen arvioiminen ja kehittäminen.

Materials

Annetaan opintojakson alussa.

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Opiskelija osaa kriittisesti analysoida ja arvioida matkailupalvelujen kehittämisprosesseja asiakaslähtöisyyden ja prosessin toimivuuden näkökulmasta. Hän osaa kehittää organisaation strategiaan pohjautuvia asiakaslähtöisiä ja vastuullisia matkailupalveluja analyysin perusteella. Hän osaa arvioida ja kehittää omaa asiantuntijuuttaan.

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Opiskelija osaa analysoida ja arvioida asiakaslähtöisiä matkailupalveluita. Hän osaa löytää malleja palveluiden kehittämiseksi ja esittää niistä pohjalta suunnitelmia matkailupalveluja tuottaville yrityksille tai organisaatioille. Hän ymmärtää ja osaa arvioida omat asiantuntijuuden kehittämistarpeensa.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Opiskelija tunnistaa matkailupalvelujen asiakaslähtöisiä kehittämistarpeita. Hän osaa esittää niihin ratkaisuja. Hän tunnistaa omat asiantuntijuuden kehittämistarpeensa.

Objective

This course will open the student to the different possibilities of what entrepreneurship is and has to offer as a potential career. After the course, the student should understand what it means to be an entrepreneur, how a business is run and have a possibility to consider it as a potential career option for them.

Content

The student will learn the basics of the business life cycle, what it takes to get from an idea to a business, what aspects are involved in running a day-to-day business, assess and understand different traits and skills related to being an entrepreneur as well as learn about different tools available for the entrepreneur to use in taking their business forward.

Materials

To be announced later

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Further information

5 Student has an excellent understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea in a comprehensive way and obtain feedback from the market in the final project by utilizing the correct methods.

4 Student has an good understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea as well as plan and obtain feedback from the market.

3 Student has a satisfactory understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea and plan a way to obtain feedback in the from the market

2

1 The student comprehends different aspects of entrepreneurship but lacks the capability to turn them into practice in order to explore a business idea in the final project.

Objective

This course will open the student to the different possibilities of what entrepreneurship is and has to offer as a potential career. After the course, the student should understand what it means to be an entrepreneur, how a business is run and have a possibility to consider it as a potential career option for them.

Content

The student will learn the basics of the business life cycle, what it takes to get from an idea to a business, what aspects are involved in running a day-to-day business, assess and understand different traits and skills related to being an entrepreneur as well as learn about different tools available for the entrepreneur to use in taking their business forward.

Materials

To be announced later

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Further information

5 Student has an excellent understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea in a comprehensive way and obtain feedback from the market in the final project by utilizing the correct methods.

4 Student has an good understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea as well as plan and obtain feedback from the market.

3 Student has a satisfactory understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea and plan a way to obtain feedback in the from the market

2

1 The student comprehends different aspects of entrepreneurship but lacks the capability to turn them into practice in order to explore a business idea in the final project.

Objective

After completing the course, the student is aware of the importance of knowledge-based management and is able to apply knowledge-based management in the development of business and organizational operations. The student knows the basics of artificial intelligence and data analytics. The student understands the challenges that data analytics can bring added value or solutions to, and how data analytics can be used to improve the predictability of business and organizational operations and increase productivity. The student knows the steps of developing a company's data strategy.

Content

The course consists of two parts: Basics of Artificial Intelligence (2 cr) and Data Analytics and Business Intelligence (3 cr). The course is completed completely independently online and does not include time-bound contact teaching.

The main content areas of the course are
-Knowledge-based management
-Basics of artificial intelligence
-Basics of data analytics
-Using artificial intelligence, data analytics and Business Intelligence in business
-Data strategy elements and creation

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The course applies either numerical assessment (0-5) or two-stage assessment (passed / failed). The assessment scale is announced at the beginning of the course. Completion of the course requires passing both parts, the basics of artificial intelligence (2 cr) and data analytics and BI (3 cr).

The Basics of Artificial Intelligence (2 cr) section is passed when at least 90% of the tasks have been completed and the score achieved is at least 50% of the total number of points in the section.

Completing the data analytics and BI (3 cr) section requires passing all intermediate exams and the final assignment.

Prerequisites

No Prerequisites.

Further information

The assessment scale of the course is either numerical (0-5) or two-stage (Pass / Fail). The assessment scale is announced at the beginning of the course.

Objective

Opintojakson suoritettuaan opiskelija osaa soveltaa erilaisia laskentamenetelmiä investointien kannattavuuden arvioinnissa, analysoida laskelmien tuottamaa informaatiota ja käyttää laskelmien tuottamaa informaatiota investointipäätösten tekemisessä.
Opiskelija osaa soveltaa ja analysoida erilaisia investointien rahoitusvaihtoehtoja ja niiden kustannusvaikutuksia lyhyellä ja pitkällä aikavälillä. Opiskelija osaa analysoida erilaisten rahoitusvaihtoehtojen vaikutuksia yrityksen kannattavuuteen, maksuvalmiuteen, vakavaraisuuteen yrityksen rahoitusrakenteeseen lyhyellä ja pitkällä aikavälillä.

Content

Investointipäätöksiä avustavat laskelmat
Investointien rahoitus

Teaching methods

Opintojakso suoritetaan verkossa.

Student workload

Opintojakson laajuus on 5 opintopistettä. 5 opintopistettä vastaa noin 135 tuntia opiskelijan työtä.

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment methods and criteria

Opiskelija osaa analysoida ja tulkita investointilaskelmien hyödyntämisen nykytilaa sekä osaa perustella kehittämistarpeita laskelmien hyödyntämiseksi päätöksenteossa. Opiskelija osaa laatia aihepiirin erittäin hyvää hallintaa osoittavan investointi- ja rahoituslaskelmien hyödyntämisen kehittämisen suunnitelman omaan työyhteisöön.

Objective

The student knows the theories and concepts of self-management. He/she can analyze his/her own actions and habits, and set the goals. He/she recognizes the effects of constructive thinking to oneself and environment. The student recognizes the meaning of own emotion regulation to self-management and the meaning of compassion toward oneself.

Content

The theories and concepts of self-management
Perception of own actions and the meters of self-management, goal setting
The strategies of constructive thinking and changing your own thinking and habits
Emotion regulation and self-management
Crises and and coping them
Self-compassion

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The student understands and applies the theories and tools/methods of self-management to his/her own work and actions. He/she can set goals to oneself. The student can versatile in analytic way the self-management. He/she knows the contents of self-management and can estimate his/her action and it's effects to others. He/she recognize the development targets of self-management.

Further information

Reported in Reppu

Objective

The student understands the characteristics and principles of service management and is able to develop services and manage the service environment of the organisation. The student understands the possibilities of service productisation and has the ability to productise and modularise services.
They will recognise the requirements of multi-channel customer interaction and be able to make extensive use of different communication channels in customer service and service management.

Content

Key concepts
Productisation, modularisation and pricing of services
Service processes in multichannel environments
New service business models
Service quality management
Building a service culture

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The student has returned the course assignments for completion. They are completed to a good standard and demonstrate the student's ability to apply the concepts of service productisation and service business development in practice.
The theoretical background of the course development assignment shows a good level of conceptual use and accuracy. It describes the importance of service business and productisation and the key approaches to business development, and makes sufficient use of relevant source materials.
The development task demonstrates the ability to apply the knowledge base presented to the development of services and service business in a sample company (own workplace) in line with the objectives.
The reflection shows the link between the theoretical analysis and the development component. The student is able to analyse and evaluate in his/her reflection in a sufficiently critical, analytical and comprehensive manner the possibilities for further development and the usefulness of the application component.
The structure and language of the written report will be in accordance with the Kamk guidelines.

Objective

The student is able to describe the central service design concepts, emphasis and meanings. The student understands the key principles of service design thinking in business development and learns to seek for and interpret user / customer needs from the perspective of his/her own field. He/She learns to improve an existing service or to create a new one – based on creating value for users and customers and to be as efficient as possible. The student is familiar with the service design process and can implement that knowledge creatively into practice. The student is aware of the various research methods and creative tools used in service design when seeking information. In addition, she/he is able to enhance the stakeholder involvement and encourage the engagement with the design process. Student’s workshop facilitator skills will improve.

Content

The key guidelines in design thinking.
Step-by-step –process of the service design (Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test).
Creative tools and research methods to collect and construct point of view based on user needs.
Building representation of the creative solutions and ideas.
The stakeholder engagement methods and practices & facilitation tools.
Guidelines to facilitate and conduct a workshop and an innovative design process.
Service design case study connected with the specific field chosen.
Facilitating innovation, and change in the organization and stressing current user needs: Planning, organizing, facilitating and conducting one workshop.

Materials

Ilmoitetaan toteutussuunnitelmassa.

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Further information

Grading scale 1-5
Excellent (5) - All learning outcomes/ assessment criteria have been achieved to an exceptionally high-level demonstrating the following attributes: Exceptional understanding, exploration, insight and application of the theories, concepts, processes and creative tools learned. Clear adherence to all specifications for the assessment task. The structure and standard of presentation of the work and conduction of workshop are of very high quality throughout. Evidence of effective communication of work to peers and others. Excellent teamwork. Offer stimulating and rigorous arguments that are likely to be at the limits of what may be expected at this level. The course work has been executed/performed in an original way. Outstanding ability to reach appropriate decisions based on complex evidence. Evidence of very high-quality analysis, synthesis, evaluation and critical appraisal and ability suggest alternative approaches as well as ability to address complex issues both systematically and creatively

Good (3-4) - All learning outcomes/ assessment criteria have been met fully at a good or very good standard demonstrating the following attributes:
Good to very good understanding, exploration, insight and application of the theories, concepts, processes and creative tools learned. No significant misunderstandings or errors. Clear adherence to all specifications for the assessment task. The structure and standard of presentation of the work are of reasonable to good quality throughout. Evidence of sufficiently effective communication of work and good teamwork. Ability to present structured, clear and concise arguments. The work has been approached and/or executed/performed in a comprehensive way with some degree of originality. Evidence of sufficient ability to reach appropriate decisions based on complex evidence. Evidence of reasonable to good quality analysis, synthesis, evaluation and critical appraisal as well as sufficient problem solving skills and ability to suggest alternative approaches.

Satisfactory (1-2) -All learning outcomes/ assessment criteria have been met demonstrating the following attributes:Demonstrate sound understanding and exploration, some insight and/or appropriate research and using creative tools and processes. Some minor inaccuracies and/or misunderstandings of concepts, theories or literature – small but not significant errors. Some minor deviation from the specifications for the assessment task. Meet the minimum standard to organize and present with some adherence to the subject-specific conventions. Demonstrate some ability to develop an argument but can lack fluency. Teamwork is challenging. The course work has been approached and/or executed/performed in a standard way with limited evidence of originality. Some contextualisation but with a heavy reliance on a limited number of sources and, in general, the breadth and depth of sources and research are lacking. Evidence of study and demonstration of ability to reach appropriate decisions based on complex evidence. Some, but limited evidence of analysis, synthesis, evaluation and critical appraisal. Some evidence of problem solving skills and ability to address complex issues adequately.

Objective

Students will learn the fundamentals, tools and methodologies of project management and are able to produce a realistic project plan. The student understands the role of team management in context of projects and can apply them when planning a project. The student can reflect on their past experiences related to projects and understand the role projects have in companies.

Content

Project management principles
Project planning
Project methodologies
Project business case
Project stakeholders
Project risk management
Project change management
Team management

Materials

To be annouced later

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Objective

The student
* understands the importance of strategic planning and management from the point of view of the overall management of a company / organization
* recognize the national and international challenges of their operating environment and their impact on the business / organization and their own work
* masters the strategic planning process and is able to analyze the principles and functions related to the strategic planning, management and development of a company / organization and assess their impact
* develops to analyze the strategic metrics used by the organization as a tool for performance evaluation
* student develops to analyze, use and evaluate changes in the business / organization operating environment to support planning, decision-making and monitoring.

Content

* Strategic planning basics concept
* Strategy process
* Strategic management analysis and strategic management tools
* Strategic planning and strategy implementation
* Strategic measurement and assessing the indicators
* Strategy follow-up, assessment and updating

Materials

Ilmoitetaan Devmoodlessa.

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Student
* is able to challenge the current strategy work of the organisation and manage and renew activities
in complex and not easily predictable working environments that require a new strategic approach
* takes responsibility for development of working practises and the strategic evaluation of the operation
* creates new practises innovatively and assesses their effects responsibly
-masters strategic management as a whole and utilises it in development throughout the organisation

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Student
* is able to challenge the current strategy work of the organisation and manage and renew activities
in complex and not easily predictable working environments that require a new strategic approach
* takes responsibility for development of working practises and the strategic evaluation of the operation

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Student
* is able to challenge the current strategy work of the organisation and manage and renew activities
in complex and not easily predictable working environments that require a new strategic approach
* takes responsibility for development of working practises and/or the strategic evaluation of the
operation

Objective

Opiskelija
• Ymmärtää eri tasoisen tiedon hyödyntämisen merkityksen (tiedon kerääminen ja tunnistaminen, tiedon yhdistäminen ja visualisointi, tiedon saattaminen osaksi toimintaa)
• Ymmärtää tietojohtamisen (arvonluontia aineettomista voimavaroista) ja tiedolla johtamisen (tiedon hyödyntäminen päätöksenteossa) merkityksen toiminnassa
• Tunnistaa tietojohtamisen hyödyt: (miten tietojohtamisella voidaan saavuttaa) mm. tehokkaammat prosessit, kilpailuetu ja uudistumiskyky (resilienssi)
• osaa hyödyntää tietoa ja analytiikkaa ennakoinnissa ja päätöksenteossa
• osaa soveltaa tiedolla johtamisen käytänteitä omaan työyhteisöön

Content

- Tiedolla johtaminen strategiana
- Dataperustainen toimintakulttuuri
- Tietoon pohjautuva toiminnan ohjaus ja päätöksenteko
- Analytiikka ja tiedolla johtaminen liiketoiminnassa
- Datalähtöinen ja asiantuntijalähtöinen analytiikka
- Ulkoinen ja sisäinen liiketoimintatieto
- Datan relevanttius ja laatu
- Käytännön esimerkkejä tietojohtamisesta ja analytiikan sovellusalueista
- Datateknologiat analytiikan apuna
- Oman organisaation nykytilan analysointi ja tiedolla johtamisen kehittämissuunnitelman laatiminen

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

METAKRITEERIT:
Opiskelija osaa suhteessa osaamistavoitteisiin:
Tiedot:
käyttää asiantuntevasti ja laaja-alaisesti ammattialansa käsitteitä sekä yhdistää niitä kokonaisuuksiksi


Taidot:
analysoi, vertailee, yhdistelee ja valitsee tietoa sekä esittää vaihtoehtoisia toimintatapoja
analysoi, reflektoi ja arvioi kriittisesti omaa osaamistaan ja ammattialansa toimintatapoja hankkimansa tiedon avulla
toimii itsenäisesti, vastuullisesti, aloitteellisesti ja joustavasti kulloisessakin oppimis- ja toimintaympäristössä
valitsee ja arvioi kriittisesti ammattialansa tekniikoita ja malleja sekä käyttää niitä toiminnassaan

Asenteet:
toimii asiakaslähtöisesti, tavoitteellisesti ja työelämää kehittävästi
toimii ryhmän jäsenenä edistäen ja kehittäen ryhmän toimintaa
soveltaa kriittisesti ammattieettisiä periaatteita toiminnassaan

Assessment criteria, good (3)

METAKRITEERIT:
Opiskelija osaa suhteessa osaamistavoitteisiin:
Tiedot:
käyttää johdonmukaisesti ammattialansa käsitteitä
nimeää, kuvailee ja perustelee ammattialansa perustiedot

Taidot:
valitsee tarkoituksenmukaisia toimintatapoja hankkimansa tiedon ja ohjeistuksen perusteella
osaa arvioida ja reflektoida omaa osaamistaan ja ammattialansa toimintatapoja
toimii itsenäisesti ja vastuullisesti erilaisissa tehtävissä kulloisessakin oppimis- ja toimintaympäristössä
soveltaa tarkoituksenmukaisesti ammattialansa toimintaan soveltuvia tekniikoita ja malleja
Asenteet:
toimii ammatillisesti asiakastilanteissa
toimii ryhmän jäsenenä ryhmän yhteisen tavoitteen saavuttamiseksi
perustelee toimintansa ammattieettisten periaatteiden mukaisesti

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

METAKRITEERIT:
Opiskelija osaa suhteessa osaamistavoitteisiin:
Tiedot:
käyttää asianmukaisesti keskeisiä/yksittäisiä ammattialansa käsitteitä
nimeää ja kuvailee ammattialansa perustiedot

Taidot:
toimii tarkoituksenmukaisesti, joskin toiminta voi olla vielä epävarmaa
toimii ohjattuna asianmukaisesti erilaisissa oppimis- ja toimintaympäristöissä
käyttää toiminnassaan tarkoituksenmukaisesti ammattialansa tekniikoita ja malleja


Asenteet:
ottaa toiminnassaan asiakkaat huomioon
toimii ryhmän jäsenenä ja ottaa toiminnassaan muut ryhmän jäsenet huomioon
toimii ammattieettisten periaatteiden mukaisesti

Objective

Student:
• can describe the impact and effectiveness of the thematic concepts
• can identify organizational problems that can be viewed and solved in terms of impact
• is able to develop an impact model and supporting metrics and data collection
• knows effective impact assessment methods for their work
• is able to apply impact research and evaluation information in the development of organizational services
• is able to develop methods to enhance the effectiveness of the organization's services
• masters the basics of impact communication
• ability to examine the evaluation of effectiveness from the perspective of organizational management

Content

* Key concepts (including impact, impact, impact investment, etc.)
* Effectiveness in reviewing organizational performance - mapping the basis for impact assessment
* Efficiency stairs
* Modeling effects and effectiveness
* Impact measurement and data collection
* Criteria for impact assessment and overall evaluation process
* Issues affecting impact assessment (risks, stakeholder engagement, indicators, etc.)
* Impact Communication and Forms of Communication
* Impact assessment and its management

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Student
• controls the impact and effectiveness of the conceptual framework
• analyze organizational problems and address them from an impact perspective
• develops an applicable impact model and supporting metrics• utilize impact assessment methods in their work
• mapping impact research data and applying it to the development of organizational services
• develop innovative methods that enhance the effectiveness of the organization's services
• use impact and impact in their communications
• apply their impact assessment skills to the management of the organization

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Student
• can apply the concepts of influence and effectiveness correctly
• can identify organizational problems and solve them from the perspective of effectiveness
• is able to develop an impact model and supporting metrics• utilize some impact assessment methods in their work
• mapping impact research data and applying it in part to developing organizational services
• develop methods that enhance the effectiveness of the organization's services
• partially utilizes the theme of impact and impact in its communications
• can use their impact assessment skills in organizational management

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Student
• is familiar with the concepts of impact and effectiveness• seeks to identify organizational issues and address them from an impact perspective
• endeavors to develop an impact model and supporting metrics
• endeavors to utilize some impact assessment methods in their work
• Identify impact research data and seek to apply it when developing organizational services
• endeavor to develop methods to improve the effectiveness of services within organizations
• seeks to use impact and impact in their communications
• recognizes the importance of impact assessment skills in managing an organization

Objective

The course provides an in-depth understanding of the key concepts and practices of sustainability, which help to apply the principles of sustainable development and ethical and responsible behaviour in the operations of a company/organisation.

The aim of the course is for students to
- be able to identify, analyse and assess the economic, environmental and social impacts of a company/organisation's activities
- understand corporate responsibility as a part of productive business operations
- identify and apply the basic principles of sustainable development and responsibility in the management of a company/organisation
- be able to develop the company's activities from all aspects of sustainability, taking into account the different stakeholders and their objectives, and propose development measures to promote responsible behaviour

Content

Sustainable development and ethics - UN Agenda 2030
Global Compact
Responsibility regulation
Dimensions of CSR: environmental, economic and social responsibility
Environmental responsibility: carbon footprint and handprint
Corporate governance
Supply chain responsibility
Financial responsibility and risk management
Code of conduct / Code of conduct and codes of conduct within the organisation
Compliance / compliance with regulations and requirements
Sustainability reporting as part of sustainability communication

Materials

Ilmoitetaan myöhemmin

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Opiskelija osaa analysoida yrityksen/organisaation vastuullisen toiminnan nykytilaa ja toiminnan taloudellisia, ekologisia ja sosiaalisia vaikutuksia.
Hän osaa soveltaa kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteita yrityksen/organisaation toiminnan suunnittelussa, päätöksenteossa ja raportoinnissa.
Hän osaa analysoida, ennakoida ja kehittää vastuullista toimintaa kestävä kehitys huomioiden.
Opiskelija osaa laatia erinomaisen oman työyhteisön kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteiden hallintaa osoittavan kehittämissuunnitelman, joka pohjautuu teorioihin ja tutkimuksiin ja se sisältää luotettavia ja perusteltuja johtopäätöksiä.

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Opiskelija osaa analysoida yrityksen/organisaation vastuullisen toiminnan nykytilaa ja toiminnan taloudellisia, ekologisia ja sosiaalisia vaikutuksia.
Hän osaa soveltaa kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteita yrityksen/organisaation toiminnan suunnittelussa, päätöksenteossa ja raportoinnissa.
Hän osaa analysoida, ennakoida ja kehittää vastuullista toimintaa kestävä kehitys huomioiden.
Opiskelija osaa laatia hyvän oman työyhteisön kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteiden hallintaa osoittavan kehittämissuunnitelman, joka pohjautuu teorioihin ja tutkimuksiin ja se sisältää luotettavia ja perusteltuja johtopäätöksiä.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Opiskelija osaa analysoida yrityksen/organisaation vastuullisen toiminnan nykytilaa ja toiminnan taloudellisia, ekologisia ja sosiaalisia vaikutuksia.
Hän osaa soveltaa kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteita yrityksen/organisaation toiminnan suunnittelussa, päätöksenteossa ja raportoinnissa.
Hän osaa analysoida, ennakoida ja kehittää vastuullista toimintaa kestävä kehitys huomioiden.
Opiskelija osaa laatia oman työyhteisön kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteiden hallintaa osoittavan kehittämissuunnitelman, joka pohjautuu teorioihin ja tutkimuksiin ja se sisältää luotettavia ja perusteltuja johtopäätöksiä.

Objective

Student:
• can describe the impact and effectiveness of the thematic concepts
• can identify organizational problems that can be viewed and solved in terms of impact
• is able to develop an impact model and supporting metrics and data collection
• knows effective impact assessment methods for their work
• is able to apply impact research and evaluation information in the development of organizational services
• is able to develop methods to enhance the effectiveness of the organization's services
• masters the basics of impact communication
• ability to examine the evaluation of effectiveness from the perspective of organizational management

Content

* Key concepts (including impact, impact, impact investment, etc.)
* Effectiveness in reviewing organizational performance - mapping the basis for impact assessment
* Efficiency stairs
* Modeling effects and effectiveness
* Impact measurement and data collection
* Criteria for impact assessment and overall evaluation process
* Issues affecting impact assessment (risks, stakeholder engagement, indicators, etc.)
* Impact Communication and Forms of Communication
* Impact assessment and its management

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Student
• controls the impact and effectiveness of the conceptual framework
• analyze organizational problems and address them from an impact perspective
• develops an applicable impact model and supporting metrics• utilize impact assessment methods in their work
• mapping impact research data and applying it to the development of organizational services
• develop innovative methods that enhance the effectiveness of the organization's services
• use impact and impact in their communications
• apply their impact assessment skills to the management of the organization

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Student
• can apply the concepts of influence and effectiveness correctly
• can identify organizational problems and solve them from the perspective of effectiveness
• is able to develop an impact model and supporting metrics• utilize some impact assessment methods in their work
• mapping impact research data and applying it in part to developing organizational services
• develop methods that enhance the effectiveness of the organization's services
• partially utilizes the theme of impact and impact in its communications
• can use their impact assessment skills in organizational management

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Student
• is familiar with the concepts of impact and effectiveness• seeks to identify organizational issues and address them from an impact perspective
• endeavors to develop an impact model and supporting metrics
• endeavors to utilize some impact assessment methods in their work
• Identify impact research data and seek to apply it when developing organizational services
• endeavor to develop methods to improve the effectiveness of services within organizations
• seeks to use impact and impact in their communications
• recognizes the importance of impact assessment skills in managing an organization

Objective

Opintojakson suoritettuaan opiskelija osaa soveltaa erilaisia laskentamenetelmiä investointien kannattavuuden arvioinnissa, analysoida laskelmien tuottamaa informaatiota ja käyttää laskelmien tuottamaa informaatiota investointipäätösten tekemisessä.
Opiskelija osaa soveltaa ja analysoida erilaisia investointien rahoitusvaihtoehtoja ja niiden kustannusvaikutuksia lyhyellä ja pitkällä aikavälillä. Opiskelija osaa analysoida erilaisten rahoitusvaihtoehtojen vaikutuksia yrityksen kannattavuuteen, maksuvalmiuteen, vakavaraisuuteen yrityksen rahoitusrakenteeseen lyhyellä ja pitkällä aikavälillä.

Content

Investointipäätöksiä avustavat laskelmat
Investointien rahoitus

Teaching methods

Opintojakso suoritetaan verkossa.

Student workload

Opintojakson laajuus on 5 opintopistettä. 5 opintopistettä vastaa noin 135 tuntia opiskelijan työtä.

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment methods and criteria

Opiskelija osaa analysoida ja tulkita investointilaskelmien hyödyntämisen nykytilaa sekä osaa perustella kehittämistarpeita laskelmien hyödyntämiseksi päätöksenteossa. Opiskelija osaa laatia aihepiirin erittäin hyvää hallintaa osoittavan investointi- ja rahoituslaskelmien hyödyntämisen kehittämisen suunnitelman omaan työyhteisöön.

Objective

The course provides an in-depth understanding of the key concepts and practices of sustainability, which help to apply the principles of sustainable development and ethical and responsible behaviour in the operations of a company/organisation.

The aim of the course is for students to
- be able to identify, analyse and assess the economic, environmental and social impacts of a company/organisation's activities
- understand corporate responsibility as a part of productive business operations
- identify and apply the basic principles of sustainable development and responsibility in the management of a company/organisation
- be able to develop the company's activities from all aspects of sustainability, taking into account the different stakeholders and their objectives, and propose development measures to promote responsible behaviour

Content

Sustainable development and ethics - UN Agenda 2030
Global Compact
Responsibility regulation
Dimensions of CSR: environmental, economic and social responsibility
Environmental responsibility: carbon footprint and handprint
Corporate governance
Supply chain responsibility
Financial responsibility and risk management
Code of conduct / Code of conduct and codes of conduct within the organisation
Compliance / compliance with regulations and requirements
Sustainability reporting as part of sustainability communication

Materials

Ilmoitetaan myöhemmin

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Opiskelija osaa analysoida yrityksen/organisaation vastuullisen toiminnan nykytilaa ja toiminnan taloudellisia, ekologisia ja sosiaalisia vaikutuksia.
Hän osaa soveltaa kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteita yrityksen/organisaation toiminnan suunnittelussa, päätöksenteossa ja raportoinnissa.
Hän osaa analysoida, ennakoida ja kehittää vastuullista toimintaa kestävä kehitys huomioiden.
Opiskelija osaa laatia erinomaisen oman työyhteisön kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteiden hallintaa osoittavan kehittämissuunnitelman, joka pohjautuu teorioihin ja tutkimuksiin ja se sisältää luotettavia ja perusteltuja johtopäätöksiä.

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Opiskelija osaa analysoida yrityksen/organisaation vastuullisen toiminnan nykytilaa ja toiminnan taloudellisia, ekologisia ja sosiaalisia vaikutuksia.
Hän osaa soveltaa kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteita yrityksen/organisaation toiminnan suunnittelussa, päätöksenteossa ja raportoinnissa.
Hän osaa analysoida, ennakoida ja kehittää vastuullista toimintaa kestävä kehitys huomioiden.
Opiskelija osaa laatia hyvän oman työyhteisön kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteiden hallintaa osoittavan kehittämissuunnitelman, joka pohjautuu teorioihin ja tutkimuksiin ja se sisältää luotettavia ja perusteltuja johtopäätöksiä.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Opiskelija osaa analysoida yrityksen/organisaation vastuullisen toiminnan nykytilaa ja toiminnan taloudellisia, ekologisia ja sosiaalisia vaikutuksia.
Hän osaa soveltaa kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteita yrityksen/organisaation toiminnan suunnittelussa, päätöksenteossa ja raportoinnissa.
Hän osaa analysoida, ennakoida ja kehittää vastuullista toimintaa kestävä kehitys huomioiden.
Opiskelija osaa laatia oman työyhteisön kestävän kehityksen ja vastuullisen toiminnan periaatteiden hallintaa osoittavan kehittämissuunnitelman, joka pohjautuu teorioihin ja tutkimuksiin ja se sisältää luotettavia ja perusteltuja johtopäätöksiä.

Objective

This course will open the student to the different possibilities of what entrepreneurship is and has to offer as a potential career. After the course, the student should understand what it means to be an entrepreneur, how a business is run and have a possibility to consider it as a potential career option for them.

Content

The student will learn the basics of the business life cycle, what it takes to get from an idea to a business, what aspects are involved in running a day-to-day business, assess and understand different traits and skills related to being an entrepreneur as well as learn about different tools available for the entrepreneur to use in taking their business forward.

Materials

To be announced later

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Further information

5 Student has an excellent understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea in a comprehensive way and obtain feedback from the market in the final project by utilizing the correct methods.

4 Student has an good understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea as well as plan and obtain feedback from the market.

3 Student has a satisfactory understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea and plan a way to obtain feedback in the from the market

2

1 The student comprehends different aspects of entrepreneurship but lacks the capability to turn them into practice in order to explore a business idea in the final project.

Objective

Students will learn the fundamentals, tools and methodologies of project management and are able to produce a realistic project plan. The student understands the role of team management in context of projects and can apply them when planning a project. The student can reflect on their past experiences related to projects and understand the role projects have in companies.

Content

Project management principles
Project planning
Project methodologies
Project business case
Project stakeholders
Project risk management
Project change management
Team management

Materials

To be annouced later

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Objective

After completing the course, the student is aware of the importance of knowledge-based management and is able to apply knowledge-based management in the development of business and organizational operations. The student knows the basics of artificial intelligence and data analytics. The student understands the challenges that data analytics can bring added value or solutions to, and how data analytics can be used to improve the predictability of business and organizational operations and increase productivity. The student knows the steps of developing a company's data strategy.

Content

The course consists of two parts: Basics of Artificial Intelligence (2 cr) and Data Analytics and Business Intelligence (3 cr). The course is completed completely independently online and does not include time-bound contact teaching.

The main content areas of the course are
-Knowledge-based management
-Basics of artificial intelligence
-Basics of data analytics
-Using artificial intelligence, data analytics and Business Intelligence in business
-Data strategy elements and creation

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The course applies either numerical assessment (0-5) or two-stage assessment (passed / failed). The assessment scale is announced at the beginning of the course. Completion of the course requires passing both parts, the basics of artificial intelligence (2 cr) and data analytics and BI (3 cr).

The Basics of Artificial Intelligence (2 cr) section is passed when at least 90% of the tasks have been completed and the score achieved is at least 50% of the total number of points in the section.

Completing the data analytics and BI (3 cr) section requires passing all intermediate exams and the final assignment.

Prerequisites

No Prerequisites.

Further information

The assessment scale of the course is either numerical (0-5) or two-stage (Pass / Fail). The assessment scale is announced at the beginning of the course.

Objective

The student understands the characteristics and principles of service management and is able to develop services and manage the service environment of the organisation. The student understands the possibilities of service productisation and has the ability to productise and modularise services.
They will recognise the requirements of multi-channel customer interaction and be able to make extensive use of different communication channels in customer service and service management.

Content

Key concepts
Productisation, modularisation and pricing of services
Service processes in multichannel environments
New service business models
Service quality management
Building a service culture

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The student has returned the course assignments for completion. They are completed to a good standard and demonstrate the student's ability to apply the concepts of service productisation and service business development in practice.
The theoretical background of the course development assignment shows a good level of conceptual use and accuracy. It describes the importance of service business and productisation and the key approaches to business development, and makes sufficient use of relevant source materials.
The development task demonstrates the ability to apply the knowledge base presented to the development of services and service business in a sample company (own workplace) in line with the objectives.
The reflection shows the link between the theoretical analysis and the development component. The student is able to analyse and evaluate in his/her reflection in a sufficiently critical, analytical and comprehensive manner the possibilities for further development and the usefulness of the application component.
The structure and language of the written report will be in accordance with the Kamk guidelines.

Objective

The student is able to describe the central service design concepts, emphasis and meanings. The student understands the key principles of service design thinking in business development and learns to seek for and interpret user / customer needs from the perspective of his/her own field. He/She learns to improve an existing service or to create a new one – based on creating value for users and customers and to be as efficient as possible. The student is familiar with the service design process and can implement that knowledge creatively into practice. The student is aware of the various research methods and creative tools used in service design when seeking information. In addition, she/he is able to enhance the stakeholder involvement and encourage the engagement with the design process. Student’s workshop facilitator skills will improve.

Content

The key guidelines in design thinking.
Step-by-step –process of the service design (Empathize, Define, Ideate, Prototype, Test).
Creative tools and research methods to collect and construct point of view based on user needs.
Building representation of the creative solutions and ideas.
The stakeholder engagement methods and practices & facilitation tools.
Guidelines to facilitate and conduct a workshop and an innovative design process.
Service design case study connected with the specific field chosen.
Facilitating innovation, and change in the organization and stressing current user needs: Planning, organizing, facilitating and conducting one workshop.

Materials

Ilmoitetaan toteutussuunnitelmassa.

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Further information

Grading scale 1-5
Excellent (5) - All learning outcomes/ assessment criteria have been achieved to an exceptionally high-level demonstrating the following attributes: Exceptional understanding, exploration, insight and application of the theories, concepts, processes and creative tools learned. Clear adherence to all specifications for the assessment task. The structure and standard of presentation of the work and conduction of workshop are of very high quality throughout. Evidence of effective communication of work to peers and others. Excellent teamwork. Offer stimulating and rigorous arguments that are likely to be at the limits of what may be expected at this level. The course work has been executed/performed in an original way. Outstanding ability to reach appropriate decisions based on complex evidence. Evidence of very high-quality analysis, synthesis, evaluation and critical appraisal and ability suggest alternative approaches as well as ability to address complex issues both systematically and creatively

Good (3-4) - All learning outcomes/ assessment criteria have been met fully at a good or very good standard demonstrating the following attributes:
Good to very good understanding, exploration, insight and application of the theories, concepts, processes and creative tools learned. No significant misunderstandings or errors. Clear adherence to all specifications for the assessment task. The structure and standard of presentation of the work are of reasonable to good quality throughout. Evidence of sufficiently effective communication of work and good teamwork. Ability to present structured, clear and concise arguments. The work has been approached and/or executed/performed in a comprehensive way with some degree of originality. Evidence of sufficient ability to reach appropriate decisions based on complex evidence. Evidence of reasonable to good quality analysis, synthesis, evaluation and critical appraisal as well as sufficient problem solving skills and ability to suggest alternative approaches.

Satisfactory (1-2) -All learning outcomes/ assessment criteria have been met demonstrating the following attributes:Demonstrate sound understanding and exploration, some insight and/or appropriate research and using creative tools and processes. Some minor inaccuracies and/or misunderstandings of concepts, theories or literature – small but not significant errors. Some minor deviation from the specifications for the assessment task. Meet the minimum standard to organize and present with some adherence to the subject-specific conventions. Demonstrate some ability to develop an argument but can lack fluency. Teamwork is challenging. The course work has been approached and/or executed/performed in a standard way with limited evidence of originality. Some contextualisation but with a heavy reliance on a limited number of sources and, in general, the breadth and depth of sources and research are lacking. Evidence of study and demonstration of ability to reach appropriate decisions based on complex evidence. Some, but limited evidence of analysis, synthesis, evaluation and critical appraisal. Some evidence of problem solving skills and ability to address complex issues adequately.

Objective

Opintojakson pääteemana on matkailupalveluiden laadukas ja vastuullinen asiakaslähtöinen kehittäminen. Opintojakson aikana perehdytään matkailualan ajankohtaisiin ilmiöihin ja sovelletaan tietoa asiakaslähtöisen tuotteistamisen viitekehykseen matkailupalvelun erityispiirteet huomioiden. Lisäksi opintojaksolla opitaan arvioimaan ja kehittämään omaa asiantuntijuutta.

Content

Matkailupalvelujen kehittäminen, tuotteistaminen ja palvelun kehittämisen prosessit.
Asiakaslähtöisen kehittämisen eri osa-alueet osana palvelun kehittämisen prosessia.
Palveluosaamisen arvioiminen ja kehittäminen.

Materials

Annetaan opintojakson alussa.

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Opiskelija osaa kriittisesti analysoida ja arvioida matkailupalvelujen kehittämisprosesseja asiakaslähtöisyyden ja prosessin toimivuuden näkökulmasta. Hän osaa kehittää organisaation strategiaan pohjautuvia asiakaslähtöisiä ja vastuullisia matkailupalveluja analyysin perusteella. Hän osaa arvioida ja kehittää omaa asiantuntijuuttaan.

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Opiskelija osaa analysoida ja arvioida asiakaslähtöisiä matkailupalveluita. Hän osaa löytää malleja palveluiden kehittämiseksi ja esittää niistä pohjalta suunnitelmia matkailupalveluja tuottaville yrityksille tai organisaatioille. Hän ymmärtää ja osaa arvioida omat asiantuntijuuden kehittämistarpeensa.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Opiskelija tunnistaa matkailupalvelujen asiakaslähtöisiä kehittämistarpeita. Hän osaa esittää niihin ratkaisuja. Hän tunnistaa omat asiantuntijuuden kehittämistarpeensa.

Objective

Opiskelija
• Ymmärtää eri tasoisen tiedon hyödyntämisen merkityksen (tiedon kerääminen ja tunnistaminen, tiedon yhdistäminen ja visualisointi, tiedon saattaminen osaksi toimintaa)
• Ymmärtää tietojohtamisen (arvonluontia aineettomista voimavaroista) ja tiedolla johtamisen (tiedon hyödyntäminen päätöksenteossa) merkityksen toiminnassa
• Tunnistaa tietojohtamisen hyödyt: (miten tietojohtamisella voidaan saavuttaa) mm. tehokkaammat prosessit, kilpailuetu ja uudistumiskyky (resilienssi)
• osaa hyödyntää tietoa ja analytiikkaa ennakoinnissa ja päätöksenteossa
• osaa soveltaa tiedolla johtamisen käytänteitä omaan työyhteisöön

Content

- Tiedolla johtaminen strategiana
- Dataperustainen toimintakulttuuri
- Tietoon pohjautuva toiminnan ohjaus ja päätöksenteko
- Analytiikka ja tiedolla johtaminen liiketoiminnassa
- Datalähtöinen ja asiantuntijalähtöinen analytiikka
- Ulkoinen ja sisäinen liiketoimintatieto
- Datan relevanttius ja laatu
- Käytännön esimerkkejä tietojohtamisesta ja analytiikan sovellusalueista
- Datateknologiat analytiikan apuna
- Oman organisaation nykytilan analysointi ja tiedolla johtamisen kehittämissuunnitelman laatiminen

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

METAKRITEERIT:
Opiskelija osaa suhteessa osaamistavoitteisiin:
Tiedot:
käyttää asiantuntevasti ja laaja-alaisesti ammattialansa käsitteitä sekä yhdistää niitä kokonaisuuksiksi


Taidot:
analysoi, vertailee, yhdistelee ja valitsee tietoa sekä esittää vaihtoehtoisia toimintatapoja
analysoi, reflektoi ja arvioi kriittisesti omaa osaamistaan ja ammattialansa toimintatapoja hankkimansa tiedon avulla
toimii itsenäisesti, vastuullisesti, aloitteellisesti ja joustavasti kulloisessakin oppimis- ja toimintaympäristössä
valitsee ja arvioi kriittisesti ammattialansa tekniikoita ja malleja sekä käyttää niitä toiminnassaan

Asenteet:
toimii asiakaslähtöisesti, tavoitteellisesti ja työelämää kehittävästi
toimii ryhmän jäsenenä edistäen ja kehittäen ryhmän toimintaa
soveltaa kriittisesti ammattieettisiä periaatteita toiminnassaan

Assessment criteria, good (3)

METAKRITEERIT:
Opiskelija osaa suhteessa osaamistavoitteisiin:
Tiedot:
käyttää johdonmukaisesti ammattialansa käsitteitä
nimeää, kuvailee ja perustelee ammattialansa perustiedot

Taidot:
valitsee tarkoituksenmukaisia toimintatapoja hankkimansa tiedon ja ohjeistuksen perusteella
osaa arvioida ja reflektoida omaa osaamistaan ja ammattialansa toimintatapoja
toimii itsenäisesti ja vastuullisesti erilaisissa tehtävissä kulloisessakin oppimis- ja toimintaympäristössä
soveltaa tarkoituksenmukaisesti ammattialansa toimintaan soveltuvia tekniikoita ja malleja
Asenteet:
toimii ammatillisesti asiakastilanteissa
toimii ryhmän jäsenenä ryhmän yhteisen tavoitteen saavuttamiseksi
perustelee toimintansa ammattieettisten periaatteiden mukaisesti

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

METAKRITEERIT:
Opiskelija osaa suhteessa osaamistavoitteisiin:
Tiedot:
käyttää asianmukaisesti keskeisiä/yksittäisiä ammattialansa käsitteitä
nimeää ja kuvailee ammattialansa perustiedot

Taidot:
toimii tarkoituksenmukaisesti, joskin toiminta voi olla vielä epävarmaa
toimii ohjattuna asianmukaisesti erilaisissa oppimis- ja toimintaympäristöissä
käyttää toiminnassaan tarkoituksenmukaisesti ammattialansa tekniikoita ja malleja


Asenteet:
ottaa toiminnassaan asiakkaat huomioon
toimii ryhmän jäsenenä ja ottaa toiminnassaan muut ryhmän jäsenet huomioon
toimii ammattieettisten periaatteiden mukaisesti

Objective

The student knows the theories and concepts of self-management. He/she can analyze his/her own actions and habits, and set the goals. He/she recognizes the effects of constructive thinking to oneself and environment. The student recognizes the meaning of own emotion regulation to self-management and the meaning of compassion toward oneself.

Content

The theories and concepts of self-management
Perception of own actions and the meters of self-management, goal setting
The strategies of constructive thinking and changing your own thinking and habits
Emotion regulation and self-management
Crises and and coping them
Self-compassion

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, approved/failed

The student understands and applies the theories and tools/methods of self-management to his/her own work and actions. He/she can set goals to oneself. The student can versatile in analytic way the self-management. He/she knows the contents of self-management and can estimate his/her action and it's effects to others. He/she recognize the development targets of self-management.

Further information

Reported in Reppu

Objective

The student
* understands the importance of strategic planning and management from the point of view of the overall management of a company / organization
* recognize the national and international challenges of their operating environment and their impact on the business / organization and their own work
* masters the strategic planning process and is able to analyze the principles and functions related to the strategic planning, management and development of a company / organization and assess their impact
* develops to analyze the strategic metrics used by the organization as a tool for performance evaluation
* student develops to analyze, use and evaluate changes in the business / organization operating environment to support planning, decision-making and monitoring.

Content

* Strategic planning basics concept
* Strategy process
* Strategic management analysis and strategic management tools
* Strategic planning and strategy implementation
* Strategic measurement and assessing the indicators
* Strategy follow-up, assessment and updating

Materials

Ilmoitetaan Devmoodlessa.

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

Student
* is able to challenge the current strategy work of the organisation and manage and renew activities
in complex and not easily predictable working environments that require a new strategic approach
* takes responsibility for development of working practises and the strategic evaluation of the operation
* creates new practises innovatively and assesses their effects responsibly
-masters strategic management as a whole and utilises it in development throughout the organisation

Assessment criteria, good (3)

Student
* is able to challenge the current strategy work of the organisation and manage and renew activities
in complex and not easily predictable working environments that require a new strategic approach
* takes responsibility for development of working practises and the strategic evaluation of the operation

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1)

Student
* is able to challenge the current strategy work of the organisation and manage and renew activities
in complex and not easily predictable working environments that require a new strategic approach
* takes responsibility for development of working practises and/or the strategic evaluation of the
operation

Objective

This course will open the student to the different possibilities of what entrepreneurship is and has to offer as a potential career. After the course, the student should understand what it means to be an entrepreneur, how a business is run and have a possibility to consider it as a potential career option for them.

Content

The student will learn the basics of the business life cycle, what it takes to get from an idea to a business, what aspects are involved in running a day-to-day business, assess and understand different traits and skills related to being an entrepreneur as well as learn about different tools available for the entrepreneur to use in taking their business forward.

Materials

To be announced later

Evaluation scale

0 - 5

Further information

5 Student has an excellent understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea in a comprehensive way and obtain feedback from the market in the final project by utilizing the correct methods.

4 Student has an good understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea as well as plan and obtain feedback from the market.

3 Student has a satisfactory understanding of the different aspects of entrepreneurship covered during the course. He/she is able to explore a business idea and plan a way to obtain feedback in the from the market

2

1 The student comprehends different aspects of entrepreneurship but lacks the capability to turn them into practice in order to explore a business idea in the final project.